Tag: European Union

Statistical analysis of gender inequality in Ukraine, EU countries and Europe

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. Statistical analysis of gender inequality in Ukraine, EU countries and Europe//Science online: International Scientific e-zine - . - №2. - https://nauka-online.com/en/publications/economy/economy/2/01-28/

Annotation: This article provides an in-depth analysis of the problem of gender inequality in Ukraine, in the context of the process of its European integration. The research is based on the use of various methods of analysis, among which correlation analysis, descriptive analysis and the taxonomy method occupy a significant place. These methods allow for a thorough examination of six key indicators of gender inequality, which include the employment gap, education levels, wages, social support and women's representation in parliament. As a result of the analysis, it was established that the gap in employment and the level of education are decisive factors that affect the opportunities of women in society. The analysis of indicators of gender equality shows that Ukraine, although entering the socio-cultural context of the European Union, remains at the bottom level of the rating among European countries. Despite this, the country has some achievements, in particular, indicators that exceed the average values in terms of the employment rate, the number of women with incomplete secondary education and the level of social support. However, it is worth noting that there are shortcomings, such as the low level of representation of women in parliament, as well as the gender gap in employment and wages. This requires attention and development of strategies to further improve the situation. It is noted that the preservation of gender inequality becomes a serious challenge for Ukraine, especially in the context of the desire for European integration. The conclusions of the article indicate the need for urgent action to reduce these inequalities. The results of the analysis open wide opportunities for further research and development of programs and initiatives aimed at improving the state of gender equality in Ukraine and its adaptation to European standards. Including, conducting a cluster analysis for a deeper understanding of the classification of countries by the level of gender inequality, as well as the formation of strategies for improving low indicators of equality with the aim of raising Ukraine in the rating.

Scenarios of the development Ukraine’s foreign policy at the present stage

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. Scenarios of the development Ukraine’s foreign policy at the present stage//Science online: International Scientific e-zine - 2023. - №3. - https://nauka-online.com/en/publications/other/2023/3/02-15/

Annotation: The article examines the reasons and prerequisites for the formation of Ukraine's foreign policy today, the main vectors of its development, in particular, the main aspects of cooperation and bilateral interaction between Ukraine and the European Union, as well as China and African countries. Scenarios for the development and building of relations with these interstate groups and individual states are identified. Prospects for the development of these scenarios in the context of the russian-Ukrainian war and in the post-war period are analyzed.

Prospects for the introduction of lobbying in Ukraine through the prism of the experience of the European Union

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. Prospects for the introduction of lobbying in Ukraine through the prism of the experience of the European Union//Science online: International Scientific e-zine - 2020. - №11. - https://nauka-online.com/en/publications/jurisprudence/2020/11/perspektivy-vnedreniya-lobbizma-v-ukraine-skvoz-prizmu-opyta-evropejskogo-soyuza/

Annotation: Based on the research of well-known scholars and theorists of law, as well as using world practice, the article describes the concept of "lobbying". The etymological origin of the word "lobbying" is determined. The peculiarities of lobbying in the EU institutions are considered on the example of EU law. In particular, the trends of lobbying in connection with the economic integration of the EU were analyzed. The definition of "lobbying" in accordance with European legislation is also provided. The analysis of lobbying activity is carried out guided by the basic documents on this issue, such as: Lobbying in the EU: current rules and practices and the Green Paper on the European Transparency Initiative. Thus, the Green Paper on the European Transparency Initiative sets out the basic principles of lobbying and lobbying. A separate point should be noted that this act defines the so-called "problem areas", ie those areas and relevant activities that may impair the proper assessment of the needs of civil society and business groups in protecting their rights, including fraud, corruption and media resources to create a stir around a problem or campaign that is not really of concern to EU citizens. Regarding Lobbying in the EU: current rules and practices, the main functions of lobbying were analyzed, as well as the main tools of lobbying, including: information gathering, participation in expert groups, contact with officials and promotion of relevant media campaigns. An analysis of the activities of lobby groups belonging to various areas, including: public interests (trade unions, consumer protection), social sphere (protection of labor rights and trade unions), environmental sphere and "energy" sphere. The genesis of the development of Ukrainian lobbying legislation is analyzed separately, including: the draft law of Ukraine on lobbying, the adoption of which is conditioned by Ukraine's accession to the UN Convention against Corruption, and legislative regulation of lobbying in Ukraine and the European Union. The analysis of the bill "On Lobbying" dated 28.02.20020 The experience of implementation of lobbying legislation in the EU and Ukraine is compared.

Comparative analysis of the corporate agreement regulation: practice of the European Union states

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. Comparative analysis of the corporate agreement regulation: practice of the European Union states//Science online: International Scientific e-zine - 2020. - №4. - https://nauka-online.com/en/publications/jurisprudence/2020/4/komparativnyj-analiz-regulirovaniya-korporativnogo-dogovora-opyt-stran-evropejskogo-soyuza/

Annotation: Shareholders` agreement, being a relatively new instrument of corporate regulation, has acquired a wide acknowledgement among members of European Union since the middle of 20th century. The flexible nature of shareholders` agreement, in comparison to constitutional documents of the company, enables to introduce corrections to the business doing and being of the company not demanding any notice to or approval from the authoritative bodies and without the need to bear additional costs, what is unavoidable in case of legislative requirement of articles` of association changes notarization. Besides, confidential nature of this agreement allows the parties not to disclose commercial plans and the fact of coordinated actions present in a company. The convenience of a shareholder`s agreement use lies also in the possibility to decide on the future actions of the shareholders, taking into account various mechanisms to solve deadlocks and establishing a type and amount of liability for a party, which would breach established by shareholder`s agreement contractual obligations. In this article the author analyses the form and subject matter requirements to a shareholder`s agreement, sources of its regulation, as well as the relation between the articles of association and shareholder`s agreement itself, through the regulation experience of Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, Germany, Switzerland, Poland, Belgium and France, in order to familiarize the audience with the best practices of this corporate instrument usage and to effectively incorporate foreign experience to Ukrainian reality.

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