Annotation: In the handwriting of the same person you can sometimes see quite noticeable differences in the spelling of individual letters and even letter combinations in manuscripts, made without a significant gap in time, and the higher the level of handwriting, the more striking these differences. However, if we study a large number of manuscripts of this person, we will pay attention to the fact that the observed changes show a certain regularity, recurrence and characterize a certain variability of motor and writing skills. This variability is the result of the body's response to changing conditions. The purpose of this article is to acquaint the reader with the concept of handwriting variability and the reasons that affect handwriting variability. Variability of handwriting is a permanent change in the handwriting of one person, reflected in his manuscripts, which is a means of adaptation to different conditions of their execution. Variability of a handwriting feature is the presence in the manuscripts (handwritten realizations) of one person of different features that reflect one characteristic of the handwriting as a basis for the systematization of features. Variability of common features is manifested, as a rule, in different manuscripts; separate - within the boundaries of letter images of the same name. Selective variability is the ability of writing and motor skills to transform in a specific way, that is, to change as a result of the influence of various external or internal "confounding" factors. At the same time, partial changes in handwriting are observed in the manuscripts, the nature of which depends on the type and degree of influence of "confounding" factors, individual characteristics of the writer's writing and motor skills. Variability is one of the properties of the formed writing-motor skill. This feature of handwriting is the result of the adaptability of writing-motor skills to the above-mentioned circumstances of an objective and subjective nature, taking into account the factors of an objective and subjective nature that affect the formation of writing-motor experience, and notes the dual nature of handwriting variation. On the one hand, the variability of handwriting, in her opinion, is the result of the adaptation of movements in the process of an automated letter; on the other hand, it is the result of a conscious subjective nature.

Annotation: Introduction. The article briefly summarizes the history of the creation of a financial instrument - the traveler's check, its position among modern financial instruments that contribute to the safety of travelers, and also proposes new methods of protecting traveler's check information and a new method of verifying the traveler's signature, which excludes the possibility of its forgery and simplifies the owner's verification mechanism check In addition, instead of using special secure forms, a check with a digital signature can be printed on a regular printer and regular paper. The proposed technology of remote issuance of traveler's checks as well as remote redemption of a traveler's check without the physical presence of the owner in the issuing institution and in the institution performing the redemption of the check. A fundamentally new procedure for signing a check by a traveler and verifying a signature based on PGP encryption has also been developed. Added an algorithm to protect the traveler's check from future quantum computers that will be able to pick PGP encryption keys. The possibility of protection and verification of each block of information on the check and integrated verification of all blocks at the same time has been introduced. Some of the information is presented in sufficient detail, and the rest is only in general. The development provides new opportunities for financial institutions, allows to breathe new life into this financial instrument. Purpose. The purpose of scientific research is the integration of the road check into the modern banking system by expanding the methods of its issue and repayment in the era of digital technologies. Currently, the check is substantially displaced from the market by bank cards, according to the author, it is not deserved, since it has advantages over the latter. Materials and methods. The study uses modern cryptographic technologies that have been refined and improved, introduced methods of cryptographic resistance to quantum computers of the next generation. Results. Successfully created a traveling check that has never existed before with a digital signature, a methodology for issuing it and repayment was developed, including distant options for customer service, which never existed before. Discussion. Successful completion of research and their integration into a practical plane open the way to the use of developed methods in the field of cryptocurrencies, which at the legislative level in Ukraine since April 1 2023 are approved as legal means of payment.

Annotation: A comparative analysis of the concepts of smart cities and partial deurbanization from the point of view of environmental safety and economic efficiency was carried out. Important proposals for the program of partial deurbanization and the priority management decisions on the way to their implementation are presented.

Annotation: The assortment, composition and application of biological medicinal preparations of medicinal valerian, used for the treatment of the nervous system, were investigated.

Annotation: The methodological aspects of assessing the effectiveness of state administration in the field of national security were investigated. The author has highlighted evaluation criteria, requirements for performance indicators. Several methods of assessing the effectiveness of state administration in the field of national security are described: effective or targeted (based on the achievement of the optimal level of national security); relative or cost-effective (based on the ratio of public administration costs and the results obtained in the field of national security).

Annotation: The article analyzes Ukrainian legislation in the aspect of legal regulation of accounting and taxation of small business entities in Ukraine. It was noted that small business entities play an important role in maintaining the economic stability of Ukraine. The main laws and regulatory acts that regulate the economic activity of small businesses are considered. It was established that the unstable situation in Ukraine gave an impetus to change the regulatory and legal regulation of economic activity of enterprises. In the conditions of constant changes in legislation and legal regulation, entrepreneurs face problems related to contradictions in the legal regulation of accounting and taxation of their activities.

Annotation: The article examines the reasons and prerequisites for the formation of Ukraine's foreign policy today, the main vectors of its development, in particular, the main aspects of cooperation and bilateral interaction between Ukraine and the European Union, as well as China and African countries. Scenarios for the development and building of relations with these interstate groups and individual states are identified. Prospects for the development of these scenarios in the context of the russian-Ukrainian war and in the post-war period are analyzed.

Annotation: Algorithms of recommendation systems related to healthy eating were investigated.

Annotation: The article highlights the most popular social networks. It pointed out the factors that have quite strongly influenced the form of marketing in recent years due to events in Ukraine and the world. The statistics of the use of platforms in the field of marketing are presented. Presented the statistics of the use of social networks (in the world) for a better understanding of the potential of platforms as tools for the promotion of companies. The main features in the application of marketing on social platforms are defined. Highlighted the main details in creating a marketing plan for the best promotion of a page or product using online platforms. We define the key questions for the correct construction of marketing policy. SMM as an integral part of modern marketing methods, its features in comparison with older methods of marketing campaigns. Defined what targeting is. Considered why targeting is an integral part of online marketing and what advantages it provides to companies that use this "tool" correctly. I determined where the data used to determine potential buyers for your products is taken. Determined the main goals and objectives of targeting for marketing in social networks. I noted what types of targeting exist, and which are the most involved. What are geographic targeting, behavioral targeting, socio-demographic targeting, contextual and time targeting. Defined what retargeting is and why it is needed. It singled out the key advantages of using online platforms to separate the target audience. It singled out the peculiarity of the use of social networks depending on the goals that the company seeks to achieve. He compared the features of the use of joint platforms by various market entities, depending on the size of the company and the goals it pursues. It pointed out which features of the selection of potential customers, the target audience, appear in companies that use advertising on the Internet, namely in social networks. Partly immersed in the financial benefits of internet marketing and the benefits of marketing in social networks and platforms.

Annotation: У статті розглянуто підхід до класифікації зовнішніх факторів, що впливають на фінансову звітність та їх застосування протягом проведення аналітичних процедур в аудиті, а також розглянуто на практиці оцінку впливу зовнішніх факторів на елементи фінансової звітності при застосуванні аналітичних процедур в аудиті.