Rubric: Technical sciences

Annotation: All specialists in the field of internal combustion engines had to deal with the key problem of these engines - low efficiency; The reasons for this phenomenon are also well known - the imperfection of the mechanism for converting reciprocating motion into rotary motion; It would seem that since the causes of power losses are in the mechanical motion conversion systems, then replacing such a mechanism with a more efficient one should resolve this technical contradiction; Over the last year alone, several thousand technical solutions have been announced in this area, but investors are in no hurry to take advantage of them; The combustion cycle of the fuel mixture in the cylinders of a modern internal combustion engine (Otto cycle) has been brought to complete perfection, its real efficiency on serial internal combustion engines has been brought to 98%, which means that during the implementation of the combustion cycle, 98% of the energy contained in the fuel is extracted; This result is achieved to a large extent due to the design of the fuel system, which has been developed to almost complete perfection, and the associated system of combustion chambers in the engine cylinders, in which combustion today occurs due to combustion at constant pressure.

Annotation: New design concept of FAD, include the device security requirements of Dor Chemicals and other companies; The dimensions of the device are extremely small; In the picture, in real scale factor is demonstrated FAD – 30 with maximal fuel flow = 285 liter per hour Today’s internal and open combustion systems (engines, boilers, turbines, etc.) are only as effective as the fuel used in the process. Today’s fuels are sub-optimal in three ways; they are not homogenous, they are limited in their blending options and they require significant amounts of added oxygen during combustion to complete the process. Turbulent Energy has designed, prototyped and tested technologies, which can be packaged, scaled and integrated with all thermodynamic combustion systems to improve liquid fuel characteristics and therefore improve combustion. Liquid fuels including distillates and synthetics are often not entirely homogenous at the time of distilling or blending and often loose their homogeneity over a period of time. Clotting and phase separation can occur and the fuels performance characteristics are degraded as a result. This change in the fuel’s composition can also hamper the combustion process and cause damage to fuel system components. Non-chemical methods are needed to ensure fuels are uniform and the combustion process is not compromised. In addition to ability to homogenize today’s standard fuels (gasoline, diesel, kerosene, etc.), Turbulent Energy can also “blend” those fuels while homogenizing them to create “new” fuel composites (i.e. emulsions). Completely uniform and homogeneous oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions are possible with any liquid fuel, including heavy fuel oil.

Annotation: If we consider modern pharmaceutical production as an example, then in each technological tank of such production, we can find so-called dead zones, in which the processes are slowed down and their dynamics radically differs from the same processes in the active parts of the technological tank, where, as a rule, there is a circulation, developed turbulent movement of process fluids In the corners of such tanks the level of dynamic activity decreases sharply and the results of chemical reactions may differ significantly from areas with developed turbulence In order to controlthe chemical – reaction activity of the entire working volume of the technological tank and, as necessary, equalize all the main operating parameters of the process, and in addition, to ensure the same time of a high-quality technological process at all points of the working volume of the technological tank, a sensor module is formed based on modern achievements and capabilities of contactless sensor technology in the form of a sleeve, in which a sensor – solenoid is embedded, of a certain design.

Annotation: This article considers the problem of traditional use of nickel in jewelry production, associated with the risk of allergic reactions, and presents a comprehensive solution based on the development of an innovative nickel-free alloy with gold plating. A review of the literature demonstrates that nickel, used to provide luster and strength to products, can release ions upon skin contact, leading to allergic contact dermatitis. The present study is devoted to the development of a new composition that excludes nickel, while maintaining the necessary mechanical and aesthetic properties, as well as the technology of gold plating with the formation of a protective barrier layer, which ensures the hypoallergenicity of the product. The obtained results, confirmed by X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) and certification from “UKRCHIMANALIZ” LLC (2020), indicate the complete absence of nickel and the coating resistance to corrosion, which meets modern regulatory requirements (EN 1811, REACH). The scientific novelty lies in the integration of environmentally friendly materials into jewelry production through the creation of a unique nickel-free alloy capable of meeting the requirements of safety, aesthetics and functionality.