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Rubric: Technical sciences

Challenges and Future Directions of U.S. Trucking Innovations
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Bibliographic description of the article for the citation:

. Challenges and Future Directions of U.S. Trucking Innovations//Science online: International Scientific e-zine - 2025. - №8. - https://nauka-online.com/en/publications/technical-sciences/2025/8/04-32/

Annotation: The U.S. trucking industry is a driving force and a linchpin of national freight transportation assuring economic connectivity and security. However, it faces intense challenges such as driver shortages, infrastructure constraints, decarbonization pressures, technological disruption, and regulatory uncertainty. This paper reviews current barriers to innovation in the trucking sector and outlines prospective directions for research and practice. Emphasis is placed on automation, electrification, digitalization, workforce development, and sustainability. The purpose of this article, based on recent reports, industry white papers, and academic research, is to provide a comprehensive overview for stakeholders and researchers interested in the development of trucking in the United States.

Keywords: automation decarbonization driver shortage freight logistics innovation supply chain trucking industry
Categories: Technical sciences
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Energy modernization of historical buildings: challenges and ways of integrating energy efficient solutions
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Bibliographic description of the article for the citation:

. Energy modernization of historical buildings: challenges and ways of integrating energy efficient solutions//Science online: International Scientific e-zine - 2021. - №11. - https://nauka-online.com/en/publications/technical-sciences/2021/11/20-8/

Annotation: Energy modernization of objects with historical and cultural value represents one of the most complex and multifaceted challenges in the fields of construction and restoration research. It lies at the intersection of two of modern society’s priority directions — preserving the authenticity of monuments and achieving ambitious goals for reducing carbon footprint and enhancing buildings’ energy efficiency. Within the framework of this study, the aim is to identify existing challenges and pathways for integrating energy-efficient solutions in the modernization of historical buildings. The methodological foundation was a comprehensive systems analysis of specialized publications addressing methods for evaluating and implementing energy-saving technologies in historical buildings, as well as a synthesis of contemporary approaches in non-destructive testing, the application of digital building information models (HBIM), and life-cycle cost assessment (LCCA). The findings obtained and the described decision-making framework are of interest to design engineers, restoration architects, heritage protection authorities, and government institutions involved in the preparation and implementation of historical renovation programs. They make it possible to devise a balanced approach whereby sustainable development requirements harmoniously coincide with the objectives of cultural heritage conservation.

Keywords: energy efficiency energy modernization HBIM heritage conservation historical buildings integration of renewable energy sources multicriteria analysis non-invasive technologies sustainable renovation thermal protection
Categories: Technical sciences
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Calculation of friction disc parameters in high-performance clutches
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Bibliographic description of the article for the citation:

. Calculation of friction disc parameters in high-performance clutches//Science online: International Scientific e-zine - 2025. - №7. - https://nauka-online.com/en/publications/technical-sciences/2025/7/03-36/

Annotation: This article presents a theoretical analysis of the parameters of friction discs used in high-performance automotive clutches, with a focus on the interrelation between chemical composition, geometric characteristics, and thermal load. The study is based on an interdisciplinary approach integrating tribology, materials science, and thermal mechanics. Particular attention is given to the interpretation and comparison of published empirical data reflecting the influence of key elements in friction composites on the coefficient of friction and thermal stability. The geometric and operational parameters of clutches under racing conditions are examined, including high-frequency engagement cycles, limited cooling capacity, and localized thermal gradients in multilayer stacks. A comparative analysis of the thermal behavior of carbon-ceramic and cast-steel discs is conducted, justifying the applicability of each type under specific loading and thermal saturation modes. The study establishes computational relationships between material composition, heat resistance, clutch configuration, and critical slip conditions, enabling the formulation of rational criteria for selecting materials and geometries suitable for clutches operating under extreme conditions. The proposed approach can be integrated into engineering procedures for component selection and evaluation using digital computer-aided design tools. This paper will be of interest to design engineers, powertrain specialists, tribology and thermal analysis researchers, and developers of CAD/CAE systems for frictional components.

Keywords: carbon-ceramic clutch geometry coefficient of friction friction disc heat resistance high-performance clutch high-speed operation materials science slip behavior thermal load
Categories: Technical sciences
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Application of combinatorial design principles
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. Application of combinatorial design principles//Science online: International Scientific e-zine - 2025. - №7. - https://nauka-online.com/en/publications/technical-sciences/2025/7/02-42/

Annotation: The field of all types of innovation is typically saturated with a wide range of conventionally applied technical solutions and materials. Therefore, the implementation of innovative changes must be adapted to and integrated with traditional technologies and materials. In general, innovation is not a goal in itself. The central objective of the entire innovation process is to achieve a final result that leads to a qualitative improvement of all parameters of the therapeutic process, while ensuring the continuity of technologies, engineering solutions, and materials — including consumables. Developers have presented their first quantum computer and joined the global race for “quantum supremacy.” The first 20-qubit computer employs modern superconducting technology.

Keywords: All Types of Innovation and Materials Combinatorial Design design Ecosystem Technical Solutions Engineering Ideal final result Infrastructure Technical Solutions Modern Superconducting Technology Power of Conventional Supercomputers Preservation of Continuity in Technology Quantum Computer Quantum Supremacy
Categories: Technical sciences
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