Rubric: Economy

Annotation: The article examines the state and peculiarities of the functioning of the energy system of Ukraine in the modern day and their compliance with the development trends of the world and European energy industry. It was determined that the energy sector of developed countries, in particular the EU, is undergoing a transformation in the direction of decarbonization and increasing the share of renewable energy in meeting production and consumption needs. The priority areas of integration of the domestic energy system into the European space on the eve of the war with the Russian Federation have been identified. The main problems of the functioning of the energy system of Ukraine in the conditions of military aggression by the Russian Federation are revealed.

Annotation: The place and role of Ukraine in the global market of insurance services was studied and the main trends of its development were identified. The author identified that the market of insurance services is an important component of the global services market, which is characterized by such characteristics as: dynamism of growth, active competition at the level of states and insurance companies, a relatively stable composition of leading states. It is noted that Ukraine is not a significant market player, but at the same time it is consistently integrated into the global insurance space. The largest counterparties of domestic insurers in the field of insurance and reinsurance are the countries of the European Union. Despite the fact that the USA has a relatively small share in aggregate agreements with the participation of Ukrainian companies, the potential for partnership is significant. Based on the analysis of geospatial directions of cooperation, it was found that in the current political situation, the most promising markets are Western and Eastern Europe. The thesis that the war with the Russian Federation exerts a powerful destructive influence on the development of the insurance services market in Ukraine at the current stage has been revealed. With the beginning of the war, obtaining protection through the mechanisms of reinsurance against war risks, and therefore the conclusion of such insurance contracts, became absolutely impossible, since for Ukraine the war ceased to be a risk and became a reality. It has been proven that the state offers various approaches to the introduction of an effective mechanism of protection against such threats. The author proposed to change the approach of insurers to cover this risk, and therefore to review the terms of insurance products from the point of view of possible coverage of both the direct impact of war risks and the "secondary" consequences of war (i.e., the detonation of mines and other munitions). It was concluded that, in fact, such measures will become possible after the end of active hostilities. It was determined that the further scientific directions of the research may consist in determining and evaluating the macroeconomic effects and consequences of the transformation of the insurance services market, the activities of insurance and reinsurance operators both in the domestic and international markets in the war and post-war period. A separate study needs to take into account the peculiarities of adaptation to the latest conditions of insurance and reinsurance of individual business entities, industries and spheres of the national economy.

Annotation: The article provides an analysis of internal and external factors influencing the development of Ukraine's light industry in modern times, highlighting the industry's significance in terms of employment and overall industrial development. It is determined that the light industry is an important type of industrial activity with social orientation. It is identified that the operating conditions of industry enterprises have significantly complicated due to Ukraine's entry into the World Trade Organization and the opening of internal markets. The dominant practice of cooperation between Ukrainian light industry enterprises and non-residents under the conditions of processing of raw materials supplied by the latter is noted, which leads to non-receipt of funds and does not create opportunities for their modernization.

Annotation: Introduction. The article briefly summarizes the history of the creation of a financial instrument - the traveler's check, its position among modern financial instruments that contribute to the safety of travelers, and also proposes new methods of protecting traveler's check information and a new method of verifying the traveler's signature, which excludes the possibility of its forgery and simplifies the owner's verification mechanism check In addition, instead of using special secure forms, a check with a digital signature can be printed on a regular printer and regular paper. The proposed technology of remote issuance of traveler's checks as well as remote redemption of a traveler's check without the physical presence of the owner in the issuing institution and in the institution performing the redemption of the check. A fundamentally new procedure for signing a check by a traveler and verifying a signature based on PGP encryption has also been developed. Added an algorithm to protect the traveler's check from future quantum computers that will be able to pick PGP encryption keys. The possibility of protection and verification of each block of information on the check and integrated verification of all blocks at the same time has been introduced. Some of the information is presented in sufficient detail, and the rest is only in general. The development provides new opportunities for financial institutions, allows to breathe new life into this financial instrument. Purpose. The purpose of scientific research is the integration of the road check into the modern banking system by expanding the methods of its issue and repayment in the era of digital technologies. Currently, the check is substantially displaced from the market by bank cards, according to the author, it is not deserved, since it has advantages over the latter. Materials and methods. The study uses modern cryptographic technologies that have been refined and improved, introduced methods of cryptographic resistance to quantum computers of the next generation. Results. Successfully created a traveling check that has never existed before with a digital signature, a methodology for issuing it and repayment was developed, including distant options for customer service, which never existed before. Discussion. Successful completion of research and their integration into a practical plane open the way to the use of developed methods in the field of cryptocurrencies, which at the legislative level in Ukraine since April 1 2023 are approved as legal means of payment.