Rubric: Psychology

Annotation: The article examines the historical emergence of the term «conflict transformation» and its interpretation in terms of international political practice of conflict resolution. The main differences between the terms «resolution», «management» of conflicts and conflict transformation are identified. The structure of conflict transformation, consisting of seven main aspects based on such principles as cooperation, personal development, communication, understanding, empathy, is studied. The GIAM model developed by modern scientists, which is aimed at implementing the practice of conflict transformation in the educational process, specifically during physical education classes, is investigated. The structure of the model, the main strategies used during classes, and the advantages of the model in the modern practice of working with conflicts in a student group are determined.

Annotation: The article deals with psychological factors preventing the development of loneliness syndrome in first-year students. The concept of loneliness is considered in the article as a certain psychological and social state of personal isolation, alienation, accompanied by frustrating, depressive and anxious manifestations, supplemented by a feeling of uselessness. The emergence of loneliness in first-year students is caused, first of all, by individual personal characteristics (low self-esteem, shyness, inability to establish contacts on an interpersonal level, fear of rejection); the age characteristics of the development of persons of youth age as such, which is characterized by crisis; microsocial features, the nature of family relationships, patterns of upbringing, unforced stressful circumstances, in particular, loss of a loved one, divorce of parents; macrosocial features represented by the political, socio-economic situation in the country and the world, etc. The analysis of the functional features that accompany the subjective experience of loneliness by first-year students inspires a conclusion regarding the dependence of the features of the reception of loneliness by a person directly determined by his individual personal characteristics. However, the chances of successfully and effectively overcoming the mentioned problem are significantly increased if signs of loneliness and alienation are detected in a timely manner, as well as a clear definition of the causes of these psychological phenomena. Social and psychological training is proposed as an effective form of overcoming the loneliness syndrome in first-year students. This form of work represents learning through the acquisition and understanding of life experience, which is modeled in the group interaction of people. The training to overcome the consequences of experiencing loneliness among first-year students should be based on such principles as modeling the situation of novelty and uncertainty, the playful nature of the interaction between the participants and the trainer, positive feedback, refusal to criticize the content of the work, the balance between intuition and critical thinking , retrospective construction of parallels between the content of classes and life experience of the participants, wide use of means of visual and plastic expression.

Annotation: The article examines the possibilities of art therapy in the psychological correction of children of primary school age with disorders of the musculoskeletal system. It is shown that art therapy is a psychotherapeutic application of human visual creativity and involves interaction between the author of the work, the work itself, and a specialist in the field of art therapy. The creation of visual images is considered as a means of interpersonal communication and a form of cognitive activity of the client, which allows expressing actual experiences that are not easy to express in words. It is substantiated that art therapy methods create prerequisites for painless access to the depths of the individual's consciousness, help to stimulate the processing of unconscious experiences. The importance of art therapy in getting rid of negative emotions and thoughts has been revealed; conducive to increasing self-esteem; development of important social skills; it is shown that art therapy classes provide an opportunity to strengthen memory, develop attention, thinking and decision-making skills of children with musculoskeletal disorders. The effectiveness of the use of art therapy in working with children of primary school age with disorders of the musculoskeletal system has been proven.

Annotation: (Українська) У цій статті визначається значення та специфіка мотивації як один з ключових аспектів боротьби зі стресом курсанта-військовослужбовця. Досліджується специфіка самооцінки як основи позитивної мотивації. Визначені основі стресові фактори під час навчання у вищому військовому закладі та запропоновані шляхи покращення самооцінки курсанта.