Rubric: Medicine

Annotation: In the context of the global increase in diabetes mellitus, which by 2024 has affected 589 million people, ensuring the safety of aesthetic procedures becomes a priority task in podology and dermatology. The present study is devoted to the substantiation of standards for safe manicure in patients with endocrinological disorders who have a high risk of injury due to diabetic neuropathy and angiopathy. The aim of the work is a comparative analysis of the effectiveness and safety of dry and wet hardware technologies for nail plate treatment. The research methodology is based on a systematic literature review, analysis of ADA and IWGDF clinical guidelines, as well as a retrospective case study of the author’s practice. The results demonstrate that the use of wet spray technologies makes it possible to maintain the temperature in the treatment area below the protein coagulation threshold (<40°C) and reduces the concentration of respirable bioaerosol by 90%, which is critically important for the prevention of infectious complications. In conclusion, it is stated that there is a need to introduce hydro-burring as the most appropriate option for diabetic patients, excluding aggressive cuticle removal. The information contained in this article will be of interest to practicing podologists, nail service specialists, dermatologists, and endocrinologists seeking to improve patients’ quality of life.

Annotation: This article examines the impact of different diet types, plant‐based and Western, on the composition and functional state of the gut microbiota, its metabolites, and related immunometabolic processes. The relevance of this study is rooted in the key role of the microbiota as an “auxiliary organ” that synthesizes vitamins, regulates energy metabolism, and shapes immune tolerance through the production of short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which account for a substantial portion of interindividual differences attributable specifically to diet. This work aims to systematically describe and quantitatively assess changes in taxonomy, metabolomes, and markers of barrier function and inflammation when switching to plant‐based versus Western dietary patterns, drawing on the latest metagenomic cohorts, intervention studies, and multi‐omic analyses. Methodologically, the study combines metagenomics (shotgun sequencing, 16S rRNA), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of SCFAs, measurement of permeability and inflammation markers (CRP, IL‐6, TNF-α, zonulin, LBP), and multivariate statistical models. The novelty of this work lies in the integration of large‐scale population data with controlled intervention results, which not only confirmed a consistent increase in butyrate‐producing genera and SCFA levels on plant‐based diets but also traced in detail the molecular mechanisms of their anti‐inflammatory action via GPR41/43 receptors and histone deacetylase inhibition, while juxtaposing these effects against dysbiosis, endotoxemia, and chronic inflammation observed with Western‐type diets. This article will be valuable to dietitians, microbiologists, clinical researchers, and preventive medicine specialists interested in evidence‐based microbiota modulation through rational nutrition.

Annotation: This article presents the latest devices and technologies that utilize the principles of nanoscale metrological technology, which are in demand in semiconductor manufacturing. This technology has been extensively tested and is fully patented, with high potential for licensing. The main objective of the project is to create a mobile medical device based on modern nanoscale metrological principles and achievements in spectral-optical technologies that provide operational impact on the body with 100% monitoring of its condition during the intervention. The combination of operational spectral-optical influence with magnetic resonance control of the body’s condition in real time ensures a stable, safe, and effective process for restoring vital parameters. Introduction. After thoroughly reviewing the works of renowned innovative specialist Antonina Kuzhim, experts from our university have investigated various structural projects related to the formation and modernization of the ecosystem and infrastructure of the physician's "smart cabinet." Considering the prospects for the development of technologies for the "smart cabinet," the experts find it appropriate to implement methods and techniques of innovative design, as presented in Antonina Kuzhim's publications, into the educational programs of medical universities. The advantage of the proposed technology is the accuracy of monitoring all process parameters, which ensures satisfactory treatment results without damaging tissues, guaranteeing complete safety. The author of this publication, based on Antonina Kuzhim's developments, proposes several projects, each of which, due to the characteristics of the technology, can significantly improve medical technologies and their implementation methods. Techniques and Technology for Non-contact Monitoring and Evaluation of Blood Condition: In this project, the foundation of the technology is the phenomenon of sensitivity of the magnetic resonance sensor to changes in the nature of the fluid. The methodology has been tested in studies where a comparative assessment of water condition was conducted after introducing pre-weighed elements. The sensor adequately responded to microscopic changes in composition and identified the nature of the changes in the mixture. The sensor is in the form of a ring-shaped solenoid, within which a measuring finger is placed. Preliminary statistical information about the blood composition response, corresponding to the standard and considering individual characteristics of the person undergoing testing, is inputted into the sensor's processor. In the event of the sensor signal matching the reference signal, a green LED lights up on the display, indicating that the blood condition is normal. If a deviation from the norm is detected, for example, due to the introduction of 0.000001 g of table salt, a red LED flashes, signaling changes in the blood composition and the need for laboratory analysis.

Annotation: Thinking is the process of operating with three-dimensional, polymodal images, which takes place in the center of thinking of the brain. In the course of evolu-tion, the brain has undergone a number of significant transformations, which led to the formation of two different centers of thinking, harmoniously interact-ing with each other.