Tag: захист

Annotation: A hybrid cryptocurrency was created experimentally for the first time, which can be used to make payments without a computer network and be stored in a traditional wallet alongside fiat money. The mechanisms of its protection against falsification and the method of verification, which each owner of this cryptocurrency can perform independently using available open source software, are described. Once crypto-banknotes are created, they can be circulated without a central regulator and without a blockchain. By their nature and method of implementation, the created crypto-banknotes belong to the stablecoin category. Transactions ensure privacy. A cryptobanknote does not require confirmation of its legitimacy by other participants in circulation, as is the case in a number of blockchain technologies. There are no energy costs at all, which gives reason to consider this type of crypto-banknote energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. The development has academic value and practical significance. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to return the electronic money to the privacy of payments, which has been completely lost in the last decades. Money has become public, as well as their transactions, which is justified by the fight against the laundering of illegal income and the fight against terrorism, although we are all witnessing that terrorism is, as it was and is, and constitutional freedoms for humans have become less. Therefore, it is not entirely clear what is real goal achieves transparency of transactions and until this issue exists, the preservation of privacy for legal entities and individuals, which make financial transactions only for the benefit. Therefore, a financial instrument that did not exist before, which has the necessary properties to protect human constitutional freedoms in the financial sphere, was investigated. Materials and methods. The study uses modern cryptographic technologies, including previously used by the author in the development of a Traveller's Cheque with a digital signature, which is revised and improved, introduced methods of cryptographic resistance to quantum computers of the next generation. New methods in the crypto industry have been launched - Proof of Authorship combined with Proof of Chrono and Proof of Inventor Priority. Results. A successfully created digital banknote that can circulate in circulation without using a computer network, including without blockchain. Unlike the traveller's cheque, there is no signature of the cryptobanknote's owner to ensure the protection of cryptobanknote, which contributes to the rapid and unbroken change of the owner. This type of digital money today has the highest of all that there is a level of privacy and is most protect of participants of financial transactions. Unlike fiat money, there is an increased transportability and the prospect of unobstructed movement, both between state borders and through various block posts and checkpoints, which can be of value as a tool for value transfer in emergencies or war. A new method has been implemented - Proof of Authorship, which did not exist before. Perspectives. Each of us witnesses that every year of human life becomes more extreme. And this is not about criminal extremism and terrorism, but we are talking about methods and tools used although no one has seen any extremists. But thas seen significant influence on the ordinary people life criminal methods of research and total control. And since these phenomena are exacerbated every year, the situation in which a person lives approaches the extraordinary and in such a situation, cryptobanknote development can be useful as a tool for protecting constitutional freedoms. In addition, the development is of scientific value because it demonstrates the ability to function cryptocurrency without computer networks and even without the use of computers in some cases.

Annotation: Introduction. The article briefly summarizes the history of the creation of a financial instrument - the traveler's check, its position among modern financial instruments that contribute to the safety of travelers, and also proposes new methods of protecting traveler's check information and a new method of verifying the traveler's signature, which excludes the possibility of its forgery and simplifies the owner's verification mechanism check In addition, instead of using special secure forms, a check with a digital signature can be printed on a regular printer and regular paper. The proposed technology of remote issuance of traveler's checks as well as remote redemption of a traveler's check without the physical presence of the owner in the issuing institution and in the institution performing the redemption of the check. A fundamentally new procedure for signing a check by a traveler and verifying a signature based on PGP encryption has also been developed. Added an algorithm to protect the traveler's check from future quantum computers that will be able to pick PGP encryption keys. The possibility of protection and verification of each block of information on the check and integrated verification of all blocks at the same time has been introduced. Some of the information is presented in sufficient detail, and the rest is only in general. The development provides new opportunities for financial institutions, allows to breathe new life into this financial instrument. Purpose. The purpose of scientific research is the integration of the road check into the modern banking system by expanding the methods of its issue and repayment in the era of digital technologies. Currently, the check is substantially displaced from the market by bank cards, according to the author, it is not deserved, since it has advantages over the latter. Materials and methods. The study uses modern cryptographic technologies that have been refined and improved, introduced methods of cryptographic resistance to quantum computers of the next generation. Results. Successfully created a traveling check that has never existed before with a digital signature, a methodology for issuing it and repayment was developed, including distant options for customer service, which never existed before. Discussion. Successful completion of research and their integration into a practical plane open the way to the use of developed methods in the field of cryptocurrencies, which at the legislative level in Ukraine since April 1 2023 are approved as legal means of payment.

Annotation: (Українська) У даній статті розглянуто положення вітчизняного та зарубіжного кримінального законодавства, що стосуються захисту приватного життя людини, а також деякі акти ЄС, зокрема Європейська конвенція з прав людини, стаття 8 якої визначає право на повагу до приватного і сімейного життя, житла і кореспонденції. Визначається кримінально-правова характеристика законодавства окремих країн у сфері охорони недоторканості приватного життя, серед яких: США, Німеччина, Франція, Великобританія, Латвія, Білорусь, Голландія, Швейцарія, Угорщина тощо. Автор приходить до висновку, що у всіх країнах має місце захист недоторканості приватного життя, однак у кожній з цих країн він різниться обсягом охоплюваних захистом прав та різними підходами до його визначення.

Annotation: (Українська) У цій статті аналізується проблематика та сучасні реалії регулювання Цивільним кодексом України та іншими Законами України оренди комунального майна і місць громадського користування.