Содержание журнала №5 (май) 2026 г.

Аннотация: (English) The article is devoted to the study of the semiotics of pun humor among the generation of 2000s (Gen Z) and the peculiarities of communication culture. The aim of the article is to identify specific semiotic mechanisms underlying the humor of the generation of 2000s. The research methods include semiotic analysis, content analysis of digital communications, a systematic approach to the study of humorous practices, as well as a synthesis of scientific sources in the field of linguistics, psychology of humor and media studies. The results show that the humor of the 2000s generation is very different from the humor of older people. It is often built on absurdity, innuendo, memes and jokes that are understandable only to those who know the Internet context well. Digital content, especially memes, works not just as a picture or text. They simultaneously combine words, images, emotions and cultural references. That is why one meme can have several meanings. Wordplay and puns on the Internet have also changed. They are no longer always built according to the usual rules of language. Often a joke may seem strange or illogical, but this is precisely its funny effect. Such humor is clearly visible in memes, communication through emojis and the rapid exchange of jokes on social networks, when people pick up one joke and continue it in their own way. The practical significance of the study is determined by the possibility of a deeper understanding of a specific audience that actively communicates in the media space, which will positively affect the volume of customer engagement by marketing companies. By creating content that is understandable for the specified age group, trust and a favorable environment for further interaction are formed.

Аннотация: (English) The article is devoted to the search for algorithms that allow drivers and fleet operators to reduce road risks based on telematics data, behavioral analysis and risk scoring. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that in the conditions of digitalization of the short-term car rental market, driving safety can no longer be ensured only by traditional control of violations or technical monitoring of the vehicle. Dynamic assessment of driver behavior is becoming more important, which allows identifying risk patterns directly during the trip. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the features of dynamic assessment of driving risk based on telematics data in short-term car rental fleets on the US market. The study used general scientific methods of analysis, generalization, comparison and systematization of scientific literature. The author's methodology for comprehensive risk assessment is also presented, which can be adapted to the conditions of the US market and integrated into modern telematics, insurance and fleet-management systems. The article also shows that approaches to assessing driving risk have different construction logics. Some models are focused on the driver's perception of danger, while others use sensory signals, a smartphone, GPS or OBD-II data to recognize driving style. This allowed us to show that it is advisable to assess the risk in rental fleets not as a single event, but as a sequence of driver behavioral reactions within a specific trip. It is this approach that creates the basis for earlier detection of unstable or aggressive driving behavior. The practical significance of the study is that the proposed methodology can be used by international fleets, short-term car rental companies, insurance companies that use usage-based insurance models, as well as state and municipal transport systems. Its strengths include the ability to prevent fleet accidents through early detection of risky behavior, reduce insurance and repair costs, create an AI-model of behavioral risk scoring of the driver, scale to various telematics and fleet-management platforms, and transform fleets into data-driven safety and risk management systems.

Аннотация: (English) This article argues that emotional literacy sits at the intersection of cognitive and affective development in bilingual children, a relationship that has grown harder to ignore as linguistic diversity becomes an everyday classroom reality and frameworks like the Whole Child approach push education toward more holistic goals. Neuroscience and cognitive linguistics both point in the same direction: bilingualism does more than expand vocabulary. It engages the executive functions of the prefrontal cortex; the mechanisms children rely on to recognize and regulate what they feel. Building on this, the article draws on emotional granularity and Theory of Mind as analytical tools, and reconsiders the "third space" as a context where hybrid identity can genuinely take root. Empirical data from the USA grounds the argument: where SEL interventions have been sustained, their relationship with the academic performance of bilingual students is statistically significant, with real implications for how inclusive learning environments are built. The author describes and verifies the efficacy of specific pedagogical modalities ranging from translanguaging pedagogy to body-oriented practices, emphasizing the role of the teacher and familial context in fostering the child`s “emotional immunity”. A case study involving 5 states is utilized and contemporary methods for cultivating emotional literacy in bilingual environments across 12 U.S. cities are examined. The article concludes with the substantiation that an additive approach to bilingualism transforms it from a factor of acculturative stress into a strategic cognitive resource.

Аннотация: (English) The article is devoted to the development of a technology for producing low-salt bread for children aged 3 to 10 years using beet kvass as a natural fermented starter. The aim of the work is to justify technological approaches to reducing the salt content in bread for preschool and primary school children and to create a recipe that meets the taste preferences of the children's audience and the requirements of children's nutrition. The work uses an analysis of scientific literature on sodium consumption norms for children, the peculiarities of children's taste perception, and technological methods of compensating for salt reduction, as well as practical experience in the development and production of bread at our own enterprise. The author's recipe for bread with a salt content of 1.0-1.2 g per 100 g of product, which is 40-50% lower than the standard level, is presented. The choice of beet kvass as a functional ingredient is justified, as it compensates for the reduction in saltiness through the formation of organic acids and aromatic compounds and gives the product a sweet and sour taste that is attractive to children. The technological challenges of working with reduced salt content are described: the effect on dough fermentation, gluten formation, porosity stability, and shelf life. Technological solutions to overcome these challenges are presented: the use of fermented sourdough, minimal yeast dosage, and the addition of honey to balance the taste. The nutritional value of the developed bread and its suitability for children's needs are analyzed. It is shown that the use of beet kvass increases the content of betaine, folic acid, and iron, which is important for children. The potential acceptability of the product for children is discussed based on scientific data on the sensory perception of low-salt bread by children. The practical value of the work lies in the creation of a technological card and recipe that can be used in children's nutrition establishments to reduce sodium consumption by children.