Annotation: The principles of criminal proceedings are generally recognized standards that define the essence of criminal proceedings, ensuring the protection of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of participants in criminal proceedings. One of such principles is the principle of legality. This article describes the principle of legality and considers trends in its implementation in the activities of the European Court of Human Rights. Particular attention is paid to studying the content of the concept of “legality”, as it is interpreted by the European Court of Human Rights, the principles of criminal justice of the European Union are defined. The problem of legality is one of the centralities in the general theory of state and law. Its relevance is obvious both from a theoretical and practical point of view. The importance of this problem is explained by the fact that the concept of legality is inextricably linked with such institutions and parties of the state-legal life of society as the functions of the state, law-making, forms of realization of law, democracy, law, freedom and responsibility of the individual.

Annotation: (Українська) Проведено аналіз методів вимірювання продуктивності WebGL-додатків. Розглянуто методи оптимізації роботи шейдерів WebGL та відтворення об’єктів.

Annotation: (Українська) Проведено аналіз методів вирішення поширених проблем пов’язаних з продуктивністю WebGL. Сформульовано основні підходи у використанні пам’яті, роботі з активами та оптимізації розміру побудованого WebGL-додатку.

Annotation: Every business is asked questions about improving its own competitiveness. High competitiveness is caused by satisfaction and willingness of consumers to buy products for the second time, absence of bad reviews about the company from the side of people, partners, shareholders and prestige of work in this company. Company competitiveness is a multifaceted concept that includes many indicators. The most important role today is played by the marketing component of the enterprise's competitiveness. Ensuring competitiveness is an important problem, the solution of which is related to the improvement of the development, manufacture, sale and maintenance of products, that is, with the implementation of purposeful activities for the establishment, formation and maintenance of the necessary level of competitiveness at all stages of the product life cycle. The competitiveness of an enterprise refers to a higher-level competitive entity and, as a consequence, is a more capacious concept, that is, it includes a larger number of parameters analyzed. New players appear in the confectionery market in Ukraine every year. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research is the scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists and specialists in the field of competitiveness management and data of PJSC “Kharkov Biscuit Factory”. The paper analyzes the level of competitiveness of PJSC "Kharkov Biscuit Factory", and selects and substantiates the directions for increasing the level of competitiveness. The developed recommendations will be implemented in the enterprise. Today, it is considered that ensuring the sustainability of improving the competitiveness of the enterprise in the long run is possible only if all the determinants of competitiveness are subjected to continuous and continuous improvement.

Annotation: The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the mechanism of management of crediting of bank clients. The purpose of the scientific paper is to investigate the mechanism of customer lending on the example of a Ukrainian bank. The article analyzes the organizational structure of the credit department of the bank, structured the functions and tasks of the departments that are part of the credit department – preliminary control and review of loan applications, documenting the issuance of loans, credit monitoring, credit analysis, credit risks and work on problems- their loans. The business processes of crediting of clients in terms of stages of work with clients are investigated – consideration of the application (request) for obtaining a loan, studying the risks and assessment of the solvency of the borrower, structuring the loan, negotiating and entering into a contract, controlling the target use and timely repayment, closing the loan. The factors and sources of creditworthiness of the borrower of the bank and the specifics of their evaluation by the banking institution, in particular materials obtained during the previous stage directly from the borrower, have been systematized; materials that are in the archive and database of the bank itself; materials of external sources.

Annotation: The article explores the peculiarities of the legal status of foreigners and stateless persons, analyzes the legal acts in this field, as well as the implementation of the principle of equality of rights and freedoms.

Annotation: (Українська) Рoзвитoк cиcтeми укрaїнcьких бaнкiв дeдaлi з бiльшoю oчeвиднicтю вимaгaє кeрiвництвa кoмeрцiйних бaнкiв пeрeхoду вiд iнтуїтивнoгo, cтихiйнoгo упрaвлiння дo вивaжeнoгo, oбґрунтoвaнoгo тa прoфeciйнoгo, тaкoгo щo cпирaєтьcя нa пeвну aнaлiтичну бaзу. У зв'язку з цим пeрeд cпeцiaлicтaми кoмeрцiйних бaнкiв, їх дiлoвими пaртнeрaми, дeржaвними нaглядoвими oргaнaми пocтaє питaння прo нeoбхiднicть зacтocувaння пeвних мeтoдiв i прийoмiв, якi б нaдaвaли iнфoрмaцiю прo пoтoчний тa мaйбутнiй cтaн бaнку, йoгo пoтeнцiйнi мoжливocтi, cлaбкi cтoрoни тoщo. У cтaттi рoзглянутo мeтoди пoкрaщeння фiнaнcoвoї cтiйкocтi кoмeрцiйних бaнкiв тa шляхи її пiдвищeння, знaчeння її для рoзвитку eкoнoмiки Oбґрунтoвaнo вaгoмicть фiнaнcoвoї cтiйкocтi в дiяльнocтi фiнaнcoвo-крeдитних уcтaнoв.

Annotation: The study conducts research on the importance of legal climate protection in the world, and in particular in Ukraine. First of all, international acts are analyzed, since they are the basis for the national legislation of Ukraine in the field of climate protection. And, of course, the national climate legislation is analyzed, which is the subject of legal protection. The legal framework in the relevant field has appeared relatively recently and this base is not numerous. Legislation is represented primarily by international as well as national legal acts that were adopted on the basis of the former.

Annotation: (Українська) В статті аналізуються колізії українського законодавства, які призводять до позбавлення права ветеранів війни на отримання щорічної разової грошової допомоги до 5-го травня у встановленому Законом розмірі, а також встановлюються шляхи забезпечення виконання державою соціальних гарантій передбачених Конституцією та законодавством України.

Annotation: The ability to optimally use transport support is today an urgent task for entrepreneurs. Starting their activities, they should clearly understand the need for financial, material, labor and intellectual resources, sources of their receipt, and also be able to clearly calculate the need for transportation support in the process of enterprise development. Well thought out transport support is the key to the success of any enterprise. At the same time, developed logistics technologies help to attract potential investors, and also serve as a valuable tool for entrepreneurs to monitor business development. The article describes in detail the aspects of transport support of logistics technologies. A detailed description of transport logistics, its structure, development and formation logic is provided. A comparative description of the modes of transport is provided. The article explores the problems that arise when using logistics technologies, which include tasks, goals and market analysis. Along with this, the importance of the resources that are needed to achieve the set goals is regarded. A significant need for transport support appears mainly at a time when there is an urgent need for efficient cargo delivery. In addition, the article discusses the main goals and objectives of the transport support of logistics technologies. Here, the transport component plays a key role, which uses aspects aimed at the effective implementation of the movement function based on the use of transport technologies. Logistic technologists help the entrepreneur find answers to a variety of questions regarding products, resources, market demand, costs and much more. The article provides an analysis of the difficulties encountered in transporting logistics technologies, examines the place and role of transport in providing logistics technologies, identifies the main issues of transportation logistics. The paper proposes the main measures to reduce transport and logistics costs.