Authors

Регина Йорохова

Yorohova Regina

City: Kharkiv

Science degree: Student

Place of work/study: Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University

Autor articles

Comparative characteristic of the legal status of farms and personal peasant farms

Author: and

Bibliographic description of the article for the citation:

and . Comparative characteristic of the legal status of farms and personal peasant farms//Science online: International Scientific e-zine - 2019. - №11. - https://nauka-online.com/en/publications/jurisprudence/2019/11/sravnitelnaya-harakteristika-pravovogo-statusa-fermerskih-hozyajstv-i-lichnyh-krestyanskih-hozyajstv/

Annotation: The main features of farming and personal peasant farming were considered by authors of this article by comparing them. The authors showed that family farms are highly viable in relation to changes in technology, economic and social conditions. Cultural attachment to farming and agriculture, especially for family which owned farms for a long time, is also a substantive factor. Nevertheless, from a legal point of view the activities of farms are more regulated and the Government provide support to such entitles on favourable terms. Besides the ways of this support to farms are broader than to personal peasant farming. First of all, this is due to the fact that farms are commodity producers which are engaged in entrepreneurial activities and their products are oriented towards the sale. Personal peasant farms are the most numerous organizational form of housekeeping. It has been an additional or the only livelihood of rural population for many decades. In Ukraine the number of rural inhabitants reaches 30% of the total population of the country. Personal peasant farming as the primary form of organizing the production of agricultural products by the personal labour of members of the rural family and as a form of its implementation catered to material, housing, welfare and recreation needs needs of citizens. The authors of this article described in details the key features of the above concepts. As a result the authors received comparative analysis materials which permits them to distinguish between the corresponding categories and determine the priority activity for a person in case of creating a farm or a personal peasant farm.

The issue of the legal regime of human anatomical materials

Author: and

Bibliographic description of the article for the citation:

and . The issue of the legal regime of human anatomical materials//Science online: International Scientific e-zine - 2019. - №5. - https://nauka-online.com/en/publications/jurisprudence/2019/5/problematika-pravovogo-rezhima-anatomicheskih-materialov-cheloveka-v-ukraine/

Annotation: The main legal issues were considered by authors of this article. The problems associated with the living donation have a negative impact on a practical transplantology development in Ukraine. The majority of transplanted anatomical organs are organs of donors that died from brain death. The country's legislation establishes whether the consent of the deceased recipient is necessary. Cases of living donation are extremely rare despite all the technological and scientific advances. This is mainly due to the legal restrictions. Very often a person consents to become a donor and he meets all medical criteria, but he does not fit the criteria of the legislation. The authors showed that the issue of defining the legal status of anatomical materials of a person and the problem of limiting scope of persons who may be a potential donor were inextricably linked. The authors reviewed the legislation of European and Asian countries, reflecting contemporary public needs, as well as Ukrainian realities that minimized possibility of transplanting homografts from living donors. In 2008, more than 135 countries, including Ukraine, adopted the Istanbul Declaration, which established a barrier to commercial transplantation. However, many countries maintain other positions. For example, China, Brazil, India, Pakistan government legitimizes organ sales wholly or partly in order to address the issues of providing patients with human organs. The authors described in detail the proposed methods of resolving certain problems, by amending domestic legislation, and the positive aspects of such innovations. The reasonability of changing the legal regime of anatomical human materials is argued from the historical and scientific points of view.

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